Winter+Test+Notes+2010

=Study Guide for Test 1=
 * CCT 205**


 * Key concepts and terms**: the following list is intended to assist students to study for the test by focusing attention on important concepts and terminology covered in this course.


 * Important Note**: the following list does not represent the complete list of terms and concepts that will be covered on test 1. This list is a guide only.

**USE AT YOUR OWN RISK** ==== EDIT - I took all the information and condensed it. Below it (after the word "END") is what was here before. I didn't change anything. I just tried to organize what i could find for each keyword. NOT ALL KEYWORDS ARE INCLUDED AND I COULD HAVE MISSED THINGS. I also cant confirm the validity of the information and what is written is the basic information. NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR STUDYING! Refer to the old information for addition stuff. ==== · Is a society in which a combination of social and media networks shapes its prime mode of organization and most important structures at all levels (individual, organizational and societal). This type of society can be compared to a mass society that is shaped by groups, organizations and communities ('masses') organized in physical co-presence. · Moving away from material manufacturing and towards service provision as their primary economic activity and source of wealth · Attention on the exploitation of information and knowledge, as opposed to labor and capital · Information society · The replacement of the "production of 'material values' with the mass production and circulation of 'information values'...yielding increased leisure and new information-based industries." (Barney, The Network Society, p.7) · How technology has an overwhelming power to drive human interaction and social change. (Western view); technological determinist s isolate the technology factor and they don't think you can stop/reverse it · Technologies are continuously remade by what users do with them. New media technologies both shape and are shaped by their social economic and cultural contexts. · ** Community ** : any group of individuals who interact and share some common characteristics · ** Open: ** no artificial barriers to entry; membership comes from creative citizenship, both professional and amateur · ** Creative: ** production of ideas and inventions that are personal, original and //meaningful// Refer to guest lecture · ** Fordism: ** is the mass, mechanized, production of standardized goods in a rigid and segmented process. Human labor is reduced to the repetitive execution of specialized, routinized tasks (Network Society, p.10-11) derived from Henry Ford's institution of assembly line car manufacturing. It is characterized by uniformity and less customization. · ** Post-Fordism: ** involves economies of scope (specialized orders, customization and just-in-time deliveries), variable product types, individual multitasking, limited individual judgment, and so forth (Network Society, p.13). Products are more individualized (for example, Dell Computers) · Technologies are neutral tools. Also, outcomes depend on how technologies are used · Outcome depends on how technologies are used. · We use technology to achieve more effectively ends that we deem worthwhile. · Technology embodies specific values & ways of being in the world. · Individual devices may be neutral to their end usage, but technology in general encourages and enforces a particular way of being in the world. · Impacts of technology depending on social relations and local conditions that support the technology. Possibility of many different kinds of impacts depending on social interactions. · New Media make the passage of time and physical distance of space seem shorter · This is a distinct mark of postmodernity · Time is erased in the new communication system · Places exist primarily as point of origins to move to other destinations · Only those who have access to these new media technologies are qualifies for membership into the network society · refers to the global (or deterritorialization) nature of new media never has there been a mass communications system that seems so little contained by territorial space · distance is no longer a determining factor (space vs. place) economic activity on a global scale --> globalization · In the network society, citizens, consumers, and working people are increasingly in charge (e.g. facebook - customize your own page) · Also argued that the customization enabled by network technology is largely superficial, that interactive choices serve primarily to add to the storehouses of data that enable increasingly sophisticated techniques of surveillance and control · model(5):Internal decentralized firms, Multilocations, small/medium firms linked with large firms, Joint ventures and Network of synchronous communication · model(5):Internal decentralized firms, Multilocations, small/medium firms linked with large firms, Joint ventures and Network of synchronous communication · Panopticon · A single guard can watch over many prisoners while the guard remains unseen · The dark dungeon of pre-modernity has been replaced with the bright modern prison, but Foucault cautions that "visibility is a trap" · It is through this visibility, Foucault writes, that modern society exercises its controlling systems of power and knowledge (terms which Foucault believed to be so fundamentally connected that he often combined them in a single hyphenated concept, "power-knowledge") · Increasing visibility leads to power located on an increasingly individualized level, shown by the possibility for institutions to track individuals throughout their lives. Foucault suggests that a "carceral continuum" runs through modern society, from the maximum security prison, through secure accommodation, probation, social workers, police, and teachers, to our everyday working and domestic lives. All are connected by the (witting or unwitting) supervision (surveillance, application of norms of acceptable behaviour) of some humans by others · Productivity is derived from the application of knowledge · Networking: capacity to assemble information and distribute it in a flexible, adaptable way aided by IT · Highly skilled, mobile labor key resource for any company (temporary workers, shift work, portfolio workers) · Generic versus self programmable labor · Computer/digital technology amplifies mental labor · Expansion of information, information networks & data banks · Global work environments, flexible work arrangements, · High mass knowledge creation · Is the process of finding ways to improve and the efficiency of worker activity and workshop organization based upon scientific studies of human efficiency and incentive systems; for example, the flattening of hierarchies and limited decentralization of decision-making (Network Society, p.13). To assure socially approved conditions of work by creating higher standard of living to workers. · Banks & data marketers collect data from transactions & web surfing · Retailers collect data on every transaction · Government agencies collect data from tax returns, property tax records & voting records · Employer records including keylogging software for all computers connected to a company network (on/off site; wired/wireless) · University networks use keylogging software · Internet surfing records kept by your ISP · Public records · Public private video cameras · Bentham’s Panopticon: a prison design based on the theory of observing without being observed. In this case, the guards being the observers and the prisoners being the observed. · architectural design for prisons which allowed many to be watched by a few who could not be seen · Live with knowledge that prisoners could be subject to continuous observation · Bentham was a lawyer and social activist with an agenda to improve the lives of the powerless in his culture. · Seeking to improve upon the abhorrent prison conditions that predominated in Britain at the time, Bentham designed the panopticon as the modern model for a rehabilitative prison. · The general idea behind the design is that prisoners are distributed around a centrally located watch tower. · Prisoners were able to view the tower and knew they were being watched (which theoretically should have induced behavioral changes) while the guards surveyed all of the prisoners easily from the tower. · A secondary benefit for the prisoners was an opportunity to be in an isolated environment that provided time for contemplation of the behavior that brought them to prison. · The action of advocating, pleading for, or supporting a cause or proposal digitally
 * Attributes of the network society**
 * Post-industrialism**
 * Information society**
 * Technological determinism**
 * Social shaping perspective**
 * Open Creative Communities **
 * Engagement pyramid**
 * Fordism and Post-Fordism**
 * Instrumentalism**
 * Substantivism**
 * Social constructivism**
 * Time space compression**
 * Deterritorialization**
 * Customization**
 * Network Enterprise**
 * Manuel Castells**
 * Michel Foucault**
 * Characteristics of ‘new economy’**
 * Restructuring of work and employment in ‘new economy’**
 * Taylorism**
 * Sources of surveillance data**
 * Bentham’s Panopticon**
 * Non-standard labour arrangements**
 * Space of flows**
 * De-massification**
 * Industrial economy = mass production, mass consumption economy
 * Traditional mass manufacturing factories put out identical objects by the millions
 * New economy=demassified production short runs; customized products
 * Information & media services=segmented, individualized
 * Scientific management**
 * Application of engineering principles to the industrial system of production
 * Time and motion studies to ensure efficiency
 * Standardization
 * Factory work to be planned, coordinated, & controlled under expert direction.
 * Information centralized/controlled in planning departments = potential for surveillance + controlling production process
 * Flexi-workers**
 * Non-standard forms of employment
 * Part-time work
 * Temporary work
 * ‘Rented worker’ – temp work = one of fastest growing categories of employment in North America & Europe (Naomi Klein, 2000)
 * Robot culture in Japan**
 * Japan's robot culture emphasizes technologies that are no longer just meant to do things for humans, but also do things to and for humans
 * Robots as social entities are expected to fulfill new roles as companions, care takers, “natural" interaction partners, and mediators between humans and the technical environment.
 * Robots are not only designed for utilitarian purposes, but to function "the same as flowers-something that speaks directly to the soul"
 * Japan is known as the "robot kingdom" first through its domination of the industrial robot market.
 * Development of robot culture in Japan also related to societal factors such as the aging population and low birth rates
 * Industrial robots**
 * Japan's political and economic emphasis on advanced technologies also depended on the societal structure to support such developments
 * The Japanese blue-collar working class has always been small, never constituting more than a third of the workforce, so a working-class identity like that in the West did not develop
 * Japanese industrial paternalism and lifetime employment policies assured that workers would not lose their jobs as a result of workplace automation, but would be given work elsewhere in the firm
 * While protecting the male worker, the social structure of Japan supported the techno-nationalist dream at the expense of certain parts of the population, particularly women and the illegal foreign workforce, which could be hired and fired at will and bore the brunt of economic fluctuations
 * Sociable robots**
 * Impact of technology on post-secondary teaching and learning**
 * Corporate-academic partnerships in learning**
 * 3 media paradigms**
 * interpersonal media, mass media, and new media
 * Emerging participatory paradigm**
 * Digital advocacy**
 * Advocacy campaigns and public engagement**
 * Global mobilization and climate change**

END

 * NOTE:THE BELOW TERMS WHERE BORROWED FROM CCT205 CLASS WIKI 2009 **
 * Check out more here: ****http://cct205-w09.wikispaces.com/Test+1 **

Attributes of the network society

• is a society in which a combination of social and media networks shapes its prime mode of organization and most important structures at all levels (individual, organizational and societal). This type of society can be compared to a mass society that is shaped by groups, organizations and communities ('masses') organized in physical co-presence.
 * Post-industrialism **
 * Post-industrialism & critiques of post-industrial thesis **

• a late 20th century stream of social philosophy that attempts to describe a condition or state of being, while radically undermining traditional notions of the constitution of truth and reality. (p. 16) • The replacement of the "production of 'material values' with the mass production and circulation of 'information values'...yielding increased leisure and new information-based industries." (Barney, The Network Society, p.7) Technological determinism Social shaping perspective Open creative communities ** Community: any group of individuals who interact and share some common characteristics
 * Postmodernism **
 * Information society **
 * Webster, Frank ** 
 * • Is a faculty member in school of social sciences of oxford brookes university who wrote What Information Society? the online reading from week one. in it Frank Webster argues that there has been 5 ways in which people have attempted to justify the use of the term information society; these are technological, economic, occupational, spatial, and cultural, each of which we find unsatisfactory in that they fail to put us under the title accurately.**
 * • How technology has an overwhelming power to drive human interaction and social change. (Western view); technological determinist s isolate the technology factor and they don't think you can stop/reverse it **
 * • technologies are continuously remade by what users do with them. New media technologies both shape and are shaped by their social economic and cultural contexts. **

Open: no artificial barriers to entry; membership comes from creative citizenship, both professional and amateur

Creative: production of ideas and inventions that are personal, original and //meaningful // ** Engagement pyramid See Engagement pyramid image Fordism and Post-Fordism ** • Fordism is the mass, mechanized, production of standardized goods in a rigid and segmented process. Human labour is reduced to the repetitive execution of specialized, routinized tasks (Network Society, p.10-11) derived from Henry Ford's institution of assembly line car manufacturing. It is characterized by uniformity and less customization. • Post-Fordism involves economies of scope (specialized orders, customization and just-in-time deliveries), variable product types, individual multitasking, limited individual judgment, and so forth (Network Society, p.13). Products are more individualized (for example, Dell Computers) ** Instrumentalism **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • technologies are neutral tools. Also, outcomes depend on how technologies are used • Outcome depends on how technologies are used. • We use technology to achieve more effectively ends that we deem worthwhile. ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Substantivism **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • technology embodies specific values & ways of being in the world. • Individual devices may be neutral to their end usage, but technology in general encourages and enforces a particular way of being in the world. ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Social constructivism **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • Impacts of technology depending on social relations and local conditions that support the technology. Possibility of many different kinds of impacts depending on social interactions. ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Time space compression **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> New Media make the passage of time and physical distance of space seem shorter - this is a distinct mark of postmodernity - time is erased in the new communication system - places exist primarily as point of origins to move to other destinations - only those who have access to these new media technologies are qualifies for membership into the network society ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Deterritorialization **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • refers to the global (or deterritorialization) nature of new media • never has there been a mass communications system that seems so little contained by territorial space • distance is no longer a determining factor (space vs. place) • economic activity on a global scale --> globalization ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Customization <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Network enterprise <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Manuel Castells **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • network enterprise model(5):Internal decentralized firms, Multilocations, small/medium firms linked with large firms, Joint ventures and Network of synchronous communication ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Michel Foucault **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • Panopticon, a single guard can watch over many prisoners while the guard remains unseen • The dark dungeon of pre-modernity has been replaced with the bright modern prison, but Foucault cautions that "visibility is a trap" • It is through this visibility, Foucault writes, that modern society exercises its controlling systems of power and knowledge (terms which Foucault believed to be so fundamentally connected that he often combined them in a single hyphenated concept, "power-knowledge") • Increasing visibility leads to power located on an increasingly individualized level, shown by the possibility for institutions to track individuals throughout their lives. Foucault suggests that a "carceral continuum" runs through modern society, from the maximum security prison, through secure accommodation, probation, social workers, police, and teachers, to our everyday working and domestic lives. All are connected by the (witting or unwitting) supervision (surveillance, application of norms of acceptable behaviour) of some humans by others ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Characteristics of ‘new economy’ **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • Productivity is derived from the application of knowledge • Networking: capacity to assemble information and distribute it in a flexible, adaptable way aided by IT • Highly skilled, mobile labour key resource for any company (temporary workers, shift work, portfolio workers) • Generic versus self programmable labour ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring of work and employment in ‘new economy’ Taylorism **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • is the process of finding ways to improve and the efficiency of worker activity and workshop organization based upon scientific studies of human efficiency and incentive systems; for example, the flattening of hierarchies and limited decentralization of decision-making (Network Society, p.13). To assure socially approved conditions of work by creating higher standard of living to workers. ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Sources of surveillance data Retailers collect data on every transaction Government agencies collect data from tax returns, property tax records & voting records Employer records including keylogging software for all computers connected to a company network (on/off site; wired/wireless) University networks use keylogging software Internet surfing records kept by your ISP Public records Public private video cameras Bentham’s Panopticon a prison design based on the theory of observing without being observed. In this case, the guards being the observers and the prisoners being the observed. ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Bentham’s Panopticon • Live with knowledge that prisoners could be subject to continuous observation • Bentham was a lawyer and social activist with an agenda to improve the lives of the powerless in his culture. • Seeking to improve upon the abhorrent prison conditions that predominated in Britain at the time, Bentham designed the panopticon as the modern model for a rehabilitative prison. • The general idea behind the design is that prisoners are distributed around a centrally located watch tower. • Prisoners were able to view the tower and knew they were being watched (which theoretically should have induced behavioral changes) while the guards surveyed all of the prisoners easily from the tower. • A secondary benefit for the prisoners was an opportunity to be in an isolated environment that provided time for contemplation of the behavior that brought them to prison. ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Robot culture in Japan **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • Japan's robot culture emphasizes technologies that are no longer just meant to do things for humans, but also do things to and for humans • Robots as social entities are expected to fulfill new roles as companions, care takers, " natural" interaction partners, and mediators between humans and the technical environment. • robots are not only designed for utilitarian purposes, but to function "the same as flowers-something that speaks directly to the soul" • Japan is known as the "robot kingdom" first through its domination of the industrial robot market. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">in the network society, citizens, consumers, and working people are increasingly in charge (e.g. facebook - customize your own page)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">also argued that the customization enabled by network technology is largely superficial, that interactive choices serve primarily to add to the storehouses of data that enable increasingly sophisticated techniques of surveillance and control
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">network enterprise model(5):Internal decentralized firms, Multilocations, small/medium firms linked with large firms, Joint ventures and Network of synchronous communication **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Banks & data marketers collect data from transactions & web surfing
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">architectural design for prisons which allowed many to be watched by a few who could not be seen


 * <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">development of robot culture in Japan also related to societal factors such as the aging populationa nd low birth rates

<span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Industrial robots **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> • Japan's political and economic emphasis on advanced technologies also depended on the societal structure to support such developments • The Japanese blue-collar working class has always been small, never constituting more than a third of the workforce, so a working-class identity like that in the West did not develop • Japanese industrial paternalism and lifetime employment policies assured that workers would not lose their jobs as a result of workplace automation, but would be given work elsewhere in the firm • While protecting the male worker, the social structure of Japan supported the techno-nationalist dream at the expense of certain parts of the population, particularly women and the illegal foreign workforce, which could be hired and fired at will and bore the brunt of economic fluctuations ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">3 media paradigms <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">3 Media paradigms **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> - interpersonal media, mass media, and new media **<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif';">Toronto transit camp **- Toronto unconference --> transit users come to share ideas how to make the TTC better (participate and collaborate, not complain.) Open creative communities** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">De-massification <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">De-massification **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Industrial economy = mass production, mass consumption economy · Traditional mass manufacturing factories put out identical objects by the millions · New economy=demassified production short runs; customized products · Information & media services=segmented, individualized ** <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Scientific management <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Taylorism & Scientific Management **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Industrial capitalism & rise of factory system associated with introduction in scientific management · Scientific management = direction by engineers, factory planning, time and motion study, standardization, intensive division of labour · Efficiency in factory production; control over workforce; ‘automatic perfection of routine’ · Information collection and surveillance //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Non-Standard Work: #2 Self Employment //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Contracts, consulting, free lance work · Professionals, small business owners, independent crafts people, trades people · “Organization man is out. Flexible woman is in.” (Castells, 2001) · Contingent employment relationships //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Non-standard Work: #3 Temporal & Spatial Dislocation //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Temporal dislocation = work not confined to 8 hour day, Monday – Friday work week · More flex time geared to flow of demands · Shift work · Diversification of work time · Spatial dislocation = home work, call centres, telecommuting //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Non-Standard Work: #4 End of Single Occupational Trajectory or Firm //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Decrease in long term job stability in a single firm for entire career · Projection that in 40 year career, people will revamp skill sets 3 times and change jobs 11 times · Portfolio workers – people who move from 1 task, contract or project to next developing a network of portable skills, contacts, experiences //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Non-standard Work:#5 Lifelong Learning //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Need for constant upgrading · Maximize flexibility and mobility · Ensure technological, skill and organizational compatibility with demands of new economy · Self programmable versus generic labor ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Changing Labour Market **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · From jobs available to work available · From job security to work security · From postsecondary education to life long learning · From career path of climbing ladder to spiral or lateral paths · From specialization to multi- skilling · From hierarchical to flatter organizations ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">New Employment Trends **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Fewer full time jobs; more contracts, temporary, part-time opportunities · Expanded team work; more responsibility and accountability at all levels · More self directed job seekers selling services on job to job basis · Performance pay; softening in salaries · Expectation that employees will relocate; more global work environments ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Benefits of Non-Standard Work **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Increased work flexibility · Increased mobility, autonomy & work satisfaction · Flexibility = condition of job security · Facilitated increase of women into workplace ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Drawbacks to Non-Standard Work **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Uncoupling of work from stable employment and steady income; fewer non-wage benefits · Job insecurity; hard work + loyalty = ? · Periodic under or unemployment · Increased competition rather than solidarity between workers; polarization of workforce · Social and economic isolation for those working at home · Shifting of costs of technology, work facilities from firm to individual worker ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">What’s Missing in New Economy? **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> · Vertical promotion · Annual increases · Long term commitment · Traditional benefits <span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">

** <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Richard Florida’s creative class **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> An emergent class in the work force consisting of knowledge workers, intellectuals, and various types of artists. · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">paid to create · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">attatched to "creative habitats" · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">share "creative ethos" · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">driving future prosperity ** <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">NOTE:THE ABOVE TERM WHERE BORROWED FROM CCT205 CLASS WIKI 2009 Check out more here:

<span style="color: #548dd4; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">http://cct205-w09.wikispaces.com/Test+1

Flexi-workers Emerging participatory paradigm Digital advocacy Advocacy campaigns and public engagement Global mobilization and climate change Surveillance practices as a form of social control Critics of Foucault’s idea of the panopticon Non-standard labour arrangements Space of flows Sociable robots Impact of technology on post-secondary teaching and learning Corporate-academic partnerships in learning

Interesting Material **to enhance your readings and apply your understanding** Note: **Random notes I had on our Readings**

Technology is shaping learning article
 * <span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">This paper examines the role of technology in shaping the future of higher education. The major findings are as follows: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Technology has had -- and will continue to have -- a significant impact on higher education.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Online learning is gaining a firm foothold in universities around the world.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Corporate-academic partnerships will form an increasing part of the university experience, at a time when locating funding and controlling costs are key concerns, and when only one-quarter of university chief information officers (CIOs) have a place at the table when it comes to setting strategy.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">University respondents view technology as having a largely positive impact on their campuses, but acknowledge that operational challenges may hinder the full benefits from being realised (for example, tenure, promotions and other organisational practices may need adjustment to encourage faculty members to adopt new technologies).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Higher education is responding to globalisation.

Japan looks to a Robot Future reading Cools facts: · Over 370,000 robots worked at factories across Japan in 2005 · 40 percent of the global total and 32 robots for every 1,000 Japanese manufacturing employees · CEO of Innovation Matrix Inc., a company that distributes Japanese robotics technology in the U.S. "Soon, robots could even replace low-cost workers at small firms, greatly boosting productivity." · "People are still asking whether people really want robots running around their homes, and folding their clothes," said Damian Thong, senior technology analyst at Macquarie Bank in Tokyo. CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION? = House wife? What house wife? = Robots will do the laundry, cooking and sewing. Where else can this go? = study partner? His brain can have access to the internet, a fountain of information! Can it be the next digital innovation? ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Robot Culture in Japan (compliments of cct205 wikiclass 2009) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Robots as social entities are expected to fulfill new roles as companions, care takers, " natural" interaction partners, and mediators between humans and the technical environment. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">robots are not only designed for utilitarian purposes, but to function "the same as flowers-something that speaks directly to the soul" <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Japan is known as the "robot kingdom" first through its domination of the industrial robot market.
 * []
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Japan's robot culture emphasizes technologies that are no longer just meant to do things for humans, but also do things to and for humans

· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">development of robot culture in Japan also related to societal factors such as the aging populationa nd low birth rates ** <span style="font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Industrial robots <span style="font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">• <span style="font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">The Japanese blue-collar working class has always been small, never constituting more than a third of the workforce, so a working-class identity like that in the West did not develop <span style="font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">• <span style="font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Japanese industrial paternalism and lifetime employment policies assured that workers would not lose their jobs as a result of workplace automation, but would be given work elsewhere in the firm <span style="font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">• <span style="font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">While protecting the male worker, the social structure of Japan supported the techno-nationalist dream at the expense of certain parts of the population, particularly women and the illegal foreign workforce, which could be hired and fired at will and bore the brunt of economic fluctuations **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">• <span style="font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Japan's political and economic emphasis on advanced technologies also depended on the societal structure to support such developments

SURVEILLANCE and SOCIETY

A Surveillance Society or a Free Society? (//Released by [|The Constitutional Alliance])// ...How about computer software programs that decide whether or not the way people walk or dress presents a threat to the government? In Britain citizens are captured on surveillance cameras an average of 300 times a day; does the American public want to be subjected to this level of scrutiny?
 * By Mark Lerner

The Real ID Act 2005 mandated that facial recognition technology be used for all drivers' license photos; facial recognition, a biometric, measures distances between facial characteristics - specific parts of the mouth, eyes, nose and so on -- and digitizes this information. Using this technology, each citizen would be enrolled into a single global biometric identification system.

No matter where a person is - Oklahoma City, Oklahoma or Paris, France -- that person can be identified with the use of facial recognition technology. Closed circuit television cameras/surveillance cameras (CCTV) and linked computer systems make possible remote surveillance and global information sharing.

The "standard" for the digital facial image/photograph in the Real ID compliant driver's license was contained in the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for the Real ID ACT 2005. This "standard" is from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations.

The Real ID Act 2005 has not yet been implemented - 26 states have rejected this federal law and have said "No" to this act.

The Real ID Act is but one of the many laws, programs and initiatives that have one thing in common: track, surveil, and control. Government tells the people these laws, programs and initiatives are needed "to protect" them and that giving up privacy, freedom and mobility are small prices to pay for security. When did rights become privileges? ....

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WAIT!!!! Is it hitting HOME? The surveillance society The growth of camera surveillance in Canada is 'undeniable' · The growth of camera surveillance in Canada has been largely noncontroversial, the report says. “Unless they are placed at a particularly sensitive spot, the public tends either to welcome them, tentatively, or to be indifferent.” DO YOU CARE? Will you hide? Do you mind some is watching you all the time? Will Privacy slip away..... How can this change culture? We are allowing our culture to change... we will slip away from what **ERIC SQUAIR **was trying to tell us: we live in a time and place where politicians and corporations must respond to what the public wants. Because politicians need to get re-elected, and corporations need to keep their customers to keep their profits, they need to respond to what the public wants.**
 * · The report offers no estimate for Canada, though it notes this country has nothing like the density of public cameras found in Britain. “Yet the growth of camera surveillance in Canada is undeniable, and is steady,” it says.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Sources of surveillance data **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> ( compliments of cct205 wiki class 2009) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Banks & data marketers collect data from transactions & web surfing Retailers collect data on every transaction Government agencies collect data from tax returns, property tax records & voting records Employer records including keylogging software for all computers connected to a company network (on/off site; wired/wireless) University networks use keylogging software Internet surfing records kept by your ISP Public records Public private video cameras Bentham’s Panopticon a prison design based on the theory of observing without being observed. In this case, the guards being the observers and the prisoners being the observed. **

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Advocacy and public relations campaigns:

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The Goal: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> To engage the public to help bring about the change you want **How? 2) Persuade people to care. 3) Ask them to join you in making change. · **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Engage: · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Pick something that will effect them directly, and will get the message through.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Advocacy Campaigns are about having the intention of creating change. **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">1) Craft your message.
 * · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Crafting: Decide what people need to know about your issue in order to agree to the changes you are campaigning for

· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Ask them to join by applying pressure --> What do decision makers care about? (e.g. politicians care about getting votes, corporations care about making money, the public has a variety of interests) ** Who are the decision makers? Who will bring about the change you want? What do they care about? What will they respond to? Corporations respond to anything that will help them either increase or protect their profits.
 * Politicians respond to voters, especially potential voters. Successful politicians rarely stick to ideology.

The general public? Helping others, protecting themselves and everything in between. ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Campaign Planning (compliments of wiki class 2009) **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> • objective - What is the campaign aiming for ? • goals - What are the main changes this campaign is focusing on • audience - Who should this campaign aim for? • key messages - What is the key change we want to bring to the society • strategy - What are the ways to achieve our goals • tactics - How do we implement our strategy to reach our goals • measurement – Statistics ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Bentham’s Panopticon <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Live with knowledge that prisoners could be subject to continuous observation <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Bentham was a lawyer and social activist with an agenda to improve the lives of the powerless in his culture. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Seeking to improve upon the abhorrent prison conditions that predominated in Britain at the time, Bentham designed the panopticon as the modern model for a rehabilitative prison. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The general idea behind the design is that prisoners are distributed around a centrally located watch tower. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Prisoners were able to view the tower and knew they were being watched (which theoretically should have induced behavioral changes) while the guards surveyed all of the prisoners easily from the tower. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">A secondary benefit for the prisoners was an opportunity to be in an isolated environment that provided time for contemplation of the behavior that brought them to prison. ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">How does this relate to technology? **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">• <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Malgun Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">architectural design for prisons which allowed many to be watched by a few who could not be seen